INTRODUCTION
The impact on groundwater quality by petroleum development is increasingly becoming a societal concern. Recently, Osborn et al.1 received significant press coverage with their report of methane contamination of drinking water from drilling and hydraulic fracturing associated with shale-gas extraction in the states of Pennsylvania and New York in the USA. They suggested two possible sources for increased methane concentrations observed in groundwater near gas wells: (1) methane moving laterally and vertically through the fracture system at hundreds of meters underground to leaky well casings; or (2), upward migration of methane above the target shale formation through a fracture system with increased connectivity that was generated by the process of hydraulic fracturing.
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2 notes